PREPARATION OF DRY SOIL SAMPLES FOR VARIOUS TESTS
Testing Method
PREPARATION OF SAMPLE FOR TESTS
3.1 General - Soil sample as received from the field shall be dried in the
air or in sun. In wet weather a drying apparatus may be used in which
case the temperature of the sample should not exceed 60°C. The clods
may be broken with a wooden-mallet to hasten drying. The organic
matter, like tree roots and pieces of bark should be removed from the
sample. Similarly, matter other than soil, like shells should also be
separated from the main soil mass. A noting shall be made of such
removals and their percentage of the total soil sample noted. When samples are to be taken for estimation of organic content, lime content,
etc, total sample should be taken for estimation without removing
shells, roots, etc.
Drying of the Sample - The amount of drying depends upon the
proposed test to be conducted on the particular sample. The type,
temperature and duration of drying of slid samples for different tests
are given in Table 1. When oven is used for drying, the temperature
in the oven shall not exceed 110°C ( see Note ). Chemical drying of
samples should not be adopted for any tests.
TABLE 1 QUANTITY OF SOIL SAMPLE REQUIRED FOR CONDUCTING
THE TESTS
( Clauses 3.2,3.3 and 4.1 )
TESt TYPE, TEMPER<
A!rue AND
DURATION
OF DI~YIN~
AMOUNT OF DEGREE REP TO
SOIL SAMPLE OF PULE- PART OB
REQUIRED VERBALIZATION IS : 27201
FOR TEST'S ( PASSING
IS SIEVE
SIZE )
(1) (2) ix) (4) (5) (6)
i) Water content Oven, 24 h As given in - Part 2
Table 2
ii) Specific gra- Oven 105-ll°C, 50 g for fine 2 mm Part 3/Sec la
vity 24 b grained soils
400 g for fine, Part 3/Set 2’
medium and
coarse grained
soils
iii) Grained size Air drying As given in - Part 46
analysis Table 3
, iv) Liquid limit do 270 g 425 micron Part 5
v) Plastic limit do 60 gm do
Methods of test for soils.
*Determination of water content.
Determination of specific gravity, Section 1 Fine grained soils.
“Determination of specific gravity, Section 2 Fine, medium and coarse grained soils.
Grain size analysis.
‘Determination of liquid and plastic limits.
civilengineering
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part 1 ) covers the method of preparation of dry
samples from the bulk soil sample received from the field for various
laboratory tests.
APPARATUS
2.1 Wooden-Mallet - for breaking soil clods.
2.2 Trays - for air drying of soil, of suitable size and of non-rusting
material.
2.3 Pulverizing Apparatus -Either mortar and rubber covered
pestle or ~a mechanical device consisting of mortar and a power-driven
rubber covered pestle suitable for breaking up the aggregation of soil
particles without reducing the size of the individual grains. Pestle and
mortar made of soft wood may also be used.
2.4 Sampler - A suitable rifle sampler or sample splutter for quartering
the samples (see IS : 1607-1960* ).
2.5 Sieves --of sizes 75-mm, 63-mm, 37’5-mm, 19-mm, 13*2-mm,
9.50-mm, 6*7-mm, 4’75-mm, 2*00-mm and 425-micron [see IS : 460
(Part 1 )-19787
Drying Apparatus
a ) Drying Oven - Thermostatically controlled, with interior of
non-corroding material to maintain the temperature between
105 and 110°C.
b) Other suitable drying’apparatus.
2.7 Balances
a) Capacity 10 kg and minimum sensitivity 100 g.
b) Capacity 1 kg and minimum sensitivity 1 g.
c) Capacity 250 g and minimum sensitivity O*O g.
PREPARATION OF SAMPLE FOR TESTS
3.1 General - Soil sample as received from the field shall be dried in the
air or in sun. In wet weather a drying apparatus may be used in which
case the temperature of the sample should not exceed 60°C. The clods
may be broken with a wooden-mallet to hasten drying. The organic
matter, like tree roots and pieces of bark should be removed from the
sample. Similarly, matter other than soil, like shells should also be
separated from the main soil mass. A noting shall be made of such
removals and their percentage of the total soil sample noted. When samples are to be taken for estimation of organic content, lime content,
etc, total sample should be taken for estimation without removing
shells, roots, etc.
Drying of the Sample - The amount of drying depends upon the
proposed test to be conducted on the particular sample. The type,
temperature and duration of drying of slid samples for different tests
are given in Table 1. When oven is used for drying, the temperature
in the oven shall not exceed 110°C ( see Note ). Chemical drying of
samples should not be adopted for any tests.
TABLE 1 QUANTITY OF SOIL SAMPLE REQUIRED FOR CONDUCTING
THE TESTS
( Clauses 3.2,3.3 and 4.1 )
TESt TYPE, TEMPER<
A!rue AND
DURATION
OF DI~YIN~
AMOUNT OF DEGREE REP TO
SOIL SAMPLE OF PULE- PART OB
REQUIRED VERBALIZATION IS : 27201
FOR TEST'S ( PASSING
IS SIEVE
SIZE )
(1) (2) ix) (4) (5) (6)
i) Water content Oven, 24 h As given in - Part 2
Table 2
ii) Specific gra- Oven 105-ll°C, 50 g for fine 2 mm Part 3/Sec la
vity 24 b grained soils
400 g for fine, Part 3/Set 2’
medium and
coarse grained
soils
iii) Grained size Air drying As given in - Part 46
analysis Table 3
, iv) Liquid limit do 270 g 425 micron Part 5
v) Plastic limit do 60 gm do
Methods of test for soils.
*Determination of water content.
Determination of specific gravity, Section 1 Fine grained soils.
“Determination of specific gravity, Section 2 Fine, medium and coarse grained soils.
Grain size analysis.
‘Determination of liquid and plastic limits.
civilengineering
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