PAVING BITUMEN — SPECIFICATION

PAVING BITUMEN — SPECIFICATION
1 SCOPE
This standard covers physical and chemical
requirements of paving bitumen for use in
roadways, runways and allied constructions.
2 REFERENCES
The Indian Standards listed in Annex A are
necessary adjuncts to this standard.
3 TERMINOLOGY
For the purpose of this standard, the
definitions given in IS 334 : 1982 shall apply.
4 TYPES AND GRADES
4.1 Paving bitumen shall be of the following
two types:
Type 1 Paving bitumen from non-waxy
crude; and
Type 2 Paving bitumen from waxy crude.
4.1.1 Paving bitumen Type 1 shall be classified
into six grades according to their penetration
and each grade shall be given a designation as
given in Table 1 with letter ‘S’ denoting the
type and a numeral representing the mean of
the limits of the penetration specified for the
grade.
4.1.2 Paving bitumen Type 2 shall be classified
into four grades according to their penetration
and each grade shall be given a designation as
given in Table 2 with letter ‘A’ denoting the
type and a numeral representing the mean of
the limits of the penetration specified for the
grade.
NOTE — For example, A 35 means that paving bitumen
corresponding to this grade has high wax content and
has approximately a penetration value in the range of
30 to 40. S 35 means that paving bitumen corresponding
to this grade has low wax content and has
approximately a penetration value in the range of 30
to 40.
4.2 Intermediate grades shall be subject to
mutual agreement between the purchaser and
the supplier.
5 MANUFACTURE AND SOURCE
5.1 The material shall be prepared by the
distillation of suitable crude petroleum oil with
or without subsequent blending with other
grades and/or air blowing.
5.2 The source of the material shall be stated
by the manufacturer.
6 REQUIREMENTS
6.1 The material shall be homogeneous and
shall not foam when heated to 175°C.
6.2 Paving bitumen Type 1 shall satisfy the
requirements given in Table 1 and paving
bitumen Type 2 shall satisfy the requirements
given in Table 2.
6.2.1 For a given lot under each type the
softening point for samples taken from
different parts of the lot shall not vary by more
than 8°C from maximum to minimum and shall
not fall outside the range of the test limits
specified in Tables 1 and 2.
7 TESTS
7.1 Tests shall be carried out as described by
methods referred in col 9 of Table 1 and col 7 of
Table 2, for paving bitumen Type 1 and Type 2
respectively.
8 PACKING AND MARKING
8.1 Packing
The material may be supplied in drums of Type
A or Type B as per IS 3575 : 1989 or as agreed
to between the purchaser and the supplier.
8.2 Marking
Each container of paving bitumen shall be
legibly marked with the following:
a) Indication of source of manufacture,
b) Month and year of manufacture,
c) Type and Grade, and
d) Batch number.
8.2.1 Each container may also be marked with
the Standard Mark.
9 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR
CONFORMITY
Representative samples of the material shall be
drawn and their conformity to the
requirements of this standard be judged as
prescribed in Annex B.

Table 1 Requirements for Paving Bitumen Type 1

Characteristics                             Requirements for Grades                                Methods of Test, Ref to

                                                   S 35    S 45    S 55    S 65             S 90                 S 200

(1)    (2)                                       (3)        (4)     (5)      (6)                  (7)                   (8)         (9)

i) Specific gravity at 27°C, min 0.99   0.99     0.99    0.99              0.99                 0.99

ii) Water, percent by mass,  Max 0.2    0.2      0.2      0.2                 0.2                    0.2

iii) Flash point, Cleveland open  175   175     175      175                175                   175

cup, °C, Min

iv) Softening point °C               55-65  50-60  50-60   45-55           40-55                  30-45

v) Penetration at 25°C,            30 - 40  40 -50 50- 60  60 -70        80 to 100             175 to 225

100 g, 5 Sec., 1/10 mm

vi) Penetration ratio1, Min         42         40       40       35               30                           20

vii) Ductility at 27°C, cm, min   50          75       75     75                75                           —

viii) Paraffin wax content           4.5         4.5       4.5    4.5              4.5                          4.5

percent by mass, Max                 –4          –4       –6       –6               –8                           –10

ix) Frass breaking point2,

°C, Max

x) Loss on heating, thin film       1            1           1      1                   1                             2

oven test, percent by

mass, Max

xi) Retained penetration after     55         55          52     52                47                            42

thin film oven test, 25°C,

100 g, 5 Sec., 1/10 mm,

percent of original, Min

xii) Matter soluble in                   99         99         99      99                99                           99

trichloroethylene,

percent by mass, Min

xiii) Viscosity at : 

a) 60°C, Poises                           5000±    4000± 3000±  2000±          1000±                    250±

                                                     1000      800     600       500               250                       50

b) 135°C, cst, Min                       500         400     350      300               250                     125

1 Penetration ratio =  Penetration at 4°C, 200 g, 60 s

                                   Penetration at 25°C, 100 g, 5 s   × 100